OPTIMIZATION OF RESTORATIVE+REHABILITATIVE SENTENCE FOR LIGHT-LEVEL DRUG OFFENDERS: EVALUATION OF PRACTICES AND OBSTACLES

Abstract

This study analyzes the optimization of restorative and rehabilitative sentencing, including restorative and rehabilitative approaches for perpetrators of minor drug crimes, and evaluates various obstacles in its implementation. Using qualitative methods with a case study design, the study found that although legal frameworks such as Law No. 35 of 2009 and SEMA No. 4 of 2010 have provided a foundation for restorative sentencing, its implementation in the field remains suboptimal due to regulatory asymmetry, limited rehabilitation facilities, a lack of integrated assessments, and disparities in understanding among law enforcement officials. The findings also indicate that the restorative sentencing approach has proven more effective in reducing recidivism, increasing social reintegration, and positioning users as parties in need of medical-social treatment, rather than simply objects of retributive punishment. This study emphasizes the need for regulatory harmonization, strengthening cross-agency coordination, increasing rehabilitation facilities, and developing more comprehensive operational standards so that restorative sentencing can be applied consistently, fairly, and oriented towards long-term recovery.