ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE VERIFICATION METHODOLOGY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LEGAL PHILOSOPHY
Abstract
The development of information technology has encouraged the use of electronic evidence as an important evidentiary tool in modern justice systems. Electronic evidence, such as digital documents, electronic messages, communication records, and transaction data, plays a role in helping to uncover legal facts and support more effective law enforcement processes. However, the use of electronic evidence also poses legal challenges, particularly related to fulfilling the principles of procedural justice and protecting human rights. Problems arise when the process of collecting, storing, or using electronic evidence is carried out without regard to applicable legal procedures, potentially violating the rights to privacy, communication confidentiality, and personal data protection. This study aims to analyze the position of electronic evidence from the perspective of procedural justice and human rights. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach through a literature review of various relevant legal sources. The results show that electronic evidence has important evidentiary value in the judicial process, but its use must comply with the principles of legality, authenticity, integrity, and accountability. In addition, the application of electronic evidence must continue to guarantee the protection of the basic rights of each individual to prevent abuse of authority in the law enforcement process. Therefore, a balance is needed between the interests of proof and the protection of human rights in order to realize a fair, transparent and just judicial process.
References
Brenner, S. W. (2012). Cybercrime and the law: Challenges, issues, and outcomes. Northeastern University Press.
Casey, E. (2011). Digital evidence and computer crime: Forensic science, computers, and the Internet (3rd ed.). Academic Press.
Casino, F., Pina, C., López-Aguilar, P., Batista, E., Solanas, A., & Patsakis, C. (2022). SoK: Cross-border criminal investigations and digital evidence. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.12911
Hamzah, A. (2019). Indonesian criminal procedure law (2nd ed.). Sinar Grafika.
Harahap, M. Y. (2016). Discussion of problems and application of the Criminal Procedure Code: Court hearing examination, appeal, cassation, and judicial review. Sinar Grafika.
Kelsen, H. (1967). Pure theory of law (M. Knight, Trans.). University of California Press.
Kerr, O. S. (2005). Digital evidence and the new criminal procedure. Columbia Law Review, 105(1), 279–318. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=594101
Lillis, D., Becker, B., O'Sullivan, T., & Scanlon, M. (2016). Current challenges and future research areas for digital forensic investigation. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.03850
Marzuki, P. M. (2021). Legal research (Rev. ed.). Kencana.
Mertokusumo, S. (2019). The discovery of law: An introduction. Cahaya Atma Pustaka.
Radbruch, G. (1950). Legal philosophy. Harvard University Press.
Rahardjo, S. (2006). Legal science. Citra Aditya Bakti.
Republic of Indonesia. (1945). The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Republic of Indonesia. (1981). Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code.
Republic of Indonesia. (2008). Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions.
Republic of Indonesia. (2016). Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions.
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2014). Normative legal research: A brief overview. Rajawali Pers.
Zed, M. (2018). Library research methods. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
