DIGITAL ERA AND ONLINE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES
Keywords:
Digitalization, Religious Authority, Online Religious Community.Abstract
In the midst of an abundance of digital information, a crucial question arises: who now holds the authority in conveying religious teachings? The digital age has significantly changed religious practice and the authority of religious leaders. Open access to religious content via the internet has given rise to online religious communities that actively educate the public about Islam. This phenomenon marks a shift in authority from traditional scholars to digital figures such as social media influencers or ustaz. This study aims to analyze the impact of digitalization on religious authority and online community dynamics, and identify the opportunities and challenges that arise. Using a qualitative approach through desk research and digital ethnography (netnography), the research examines various religious content on social media, video platforms, and online forums.Results show that digitization expands access to Islamic knowledge, increases digital religious literacy, and creates spaces for dialogue between generations and across regions. However, major challenges arise: the spread of unverified information, religious hoaxes, and the potential for radicalization. Digital religious figures are often more popular than scientifically legitimate, raising concerns about the authenticity of teachings.This study recommends proactive strategies, such as regulation of digital religious content, strengthening digital religious literacy, and collaboration between academics, scholars and technologists. Formal religious institutions also need to strengthen their digital presence to balance the flow of information.
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